Patients who have this condition may also have false polycoria - extra holes in the iris that look like multiple pupils - or a single pupil that is off center. Polycoria has also has been linked to these two other uncommon eye conditions:Īxenfeld-Rieger syndrome – Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a genetic condition that affects the eyes. However, polycoria may be caused by problems with eye development before birth. What causes polycoria?ĭoctors don't know exactly what causes a person to have multiple pupils. The patient was diagnosed with true polycoria. They put dilating eye drops into the eye and found that both pupils dilated. During an eye exam, doctors found two pupils in his left eye. In one case of polycoria reported in Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia (a Brazilian ophthalmology journal), the patient told doctors he had had poor vision in his left eye since childhood. Symptoms of polycoria may include:Īppearance of more than one “pupil” in one or both eyes Polycoria symptomsĭepending on the case, polycoria may or may not cause vision issues. It's important to see an eye doctor right away if you have any issues with your vision. The condition can affect a patient's ability to see clearly with the affected eye. True polycoria is so rare that only a few cases have ever been reported. The other holes in the iris look like, but don't function as, pupils. In false polycoria ( pseudopolycoria), an eye seems to have multiple pupils but actually only one pupil reacts to light. Each pupil will react to light independently by constricting or dilating on its own. In true polycoria, the eye has two or more fully functioning pupils within one iris. Even an eye doctor can't necessarily tell the difference at first glance. There are two main types of polycoria: true polycoria and false polycoria. SEE RELATED: Anisocoria: Unequal pupil sizes True vs. Other conditions affect how the pupil responds to light, including: Polycoria is one of several eye conditions that affects the pupil. By allowing just the right amount of light to reach the retina, the pupil helps you see clearly and lessens glare both during the day and at night. The pupil is a part of the eye that's extremely important for vision. The pupil is surrounded by muscles that make it smaller (constrict) in bright light and make it larger (dilate) in dim light. The pupil is an opening in the center of the iris that changes in size to allow more or less light into the eye. This guide to polycoria explains the difference between true and false polycoria, how polycoria may affect vision and how the condition can be treated. In cases of true polycoria, each pupil reacts to light and functions independently of the other one. Polycoria is an extremely rare eye disease in which a patient has multiple pupils in one eye. Most people have one pupil in each eye - but that's not the case for everyone.
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